Power steering problems: heavy steering, a whirring noise and a leak – what to check first (Kirkkonummi)
Power steering issues: heavy steering, a whirring noise and a leak – the first thing to check is a situation that requires an immediate response, as the feel of the steering can change surprisingly quickly, whilst at the same time revealing a leak or an electrical fault. When the steering wheel starts to feel heavy, you hear a whirring noise when turning, or…
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Power steering problems: heavy steering, a whirring noise and a leak – what to check first This is a situation that warrants an immediate response, as the steering feel can change surprisingly quickly, whilst at the same time revealing a leak or an electrical fault. If the steering wheel starts to feel heavy, you hear a whirring noise when turning, or an oil stain appears under the car, the most sensible course of action is to carry out a few basic safety checks and then book an appointment for a more detailed diagnostic check.
In Kirkkonummi and the surrounding areas (Siuntio, Espoo, Veikkola), STS Evitskog can help with faults in both hydraulic and electric power-assisted steering systems. This article outlines the most common causes, what you can check yourself without any risk, and when it is best to take your car straight to the workshop at Kylmäläntie 350, 02540 Kirkkonummi.
Power steering problems: a heavy steering wheel, a whirring noise and a leak – what do these symptoms usually indicate?
A heavy steering wheel does not always indicate the same fault. In a hydraulic power steering system, heaviness is often linked to a lack of pressure: there is too little fluid, the pump is not generating pressure, or the belt is slipping. In an electric power steering (EPS) system, a heavy steering feel may be caused by a sensor fault, a problem with the power steering motor, low voltage or the control unit entering protection mode. The end result feels the same to the driver, but the repair method is completely different.
A sputtering sound when turning is a typical warning sign of a problem with the hydraulic system. This may be caused by the system drawing in air (due to a low fluid level or a leak), or by a worn pump. A leak, in turn, may be visible as moisture on the hoses, at the joints, on the pump shaft seal, or at the ends of the steering gear (rack) inside the protective rubber boots.
Quick interpretations of symptoms These rules of thumb will give you an idea of where the fault usually lies before you carry out more precise measurements.
Pregnancy on idle only The output of the hydraulic pump or belt slip becomes more noticeable at low revs.
Swimming + foamy liquid There is air in the system; this is often caused by a low fluid level or a leak on the suction side.
The boost is lost and the warning light comes on In the EPS system, check for undervoltage, a fault code or a sensor fault.
An oil spill under the car First check the hoses and connections, but bear in mind that the steering gearbox may also leak into the rubber boots.
Hydraulic power steering: fluid, belt and pump – check these first
If your car has hydraulic power steering (or electro-hydraulic power steering with a separate pump), the first thing you should check is the level and condition of the power steering fluid. Check the fluid level as per the car’s owner’s manual, either using the dipstick or by referring to the MIN/MAX markings on the reservoir. At the same time, check the colour and smell: fluid that smells burnt, is dark in colour or has a distinct metallic sheen may indicate overheating or internal wear.
Next, check the belt if the pump is belt-driven. Cracks, a polished surface (”glazing”) or slack can cause slippage, which reduces efficiency and results in a whining noise, particularly when turning to the extreme positions. You should avoid ”pushing” the steering to its extreme positions anyway: the hydraulic system then generates maximum pressure, which puts a strain on the pump and heats up the fluid.
It’s best to proceed carefully when dealing with leaks: wipe any suspicious areas clean, take the car for a short drive and see where the moisture reappears. Power steering fluid is often reddish (ATF-type) or yellowish, depending on the manufacturer’s specifications. Adding the wrong fluid can, in the worst case, damage the seals, so if you’re not sure of the correct type, it’s best to leave the top-up to a garage.
If the steering feels a bit off, the safest rule is this: it’s better to stop too early than too late – the steering can suddenly become stiff when cornering.
Electric power steering (EPS): common faults and why the battery might be to blame
Electric power steering is extremely reliable in many cars, but it is sensitive to voltage and sensor data. A common practical cause of the ”power steering failure” issue is low voltage: a weak battery, a charging problem or corroded connections can cause the voltage to drop to such an extent that the control unit limits the power steering or switches it off. It is therefore often worth checking for a control unit fault alongside other electrical symptoms.
In an EPS system, the whirring noise does not necessarily come from the pump; it may instead be caused by the electric motor being under load or by mechanical friction in the steering mechanism. If the steering wheel feels jerky, ”sticky” or uneven, the fault may lie in the signal from the torque or angle sensor, the steering shaft joints, or the mechanical components of the steering gearbox itself. In these cases, reading the fault codes is often the quickest way to narrow down the problem; you can also find further information on how to proceed sensibly in the article Everyday car electric faults: battery drain, charging problems and starting difficulties.
A brief note
If the power steering warning light comes on in your car, simply resetting it is not enough: you should identify the cause by taking the correct measurements and carrying out a test drive.
Leaks and the steering gearbox: risks that should not be underestimated
When the power steering is playing up: a heavy steering wheel, a whirring noise and a leak – what to check first. In the case of a leak, this is a sign that usually gets worse over time. A hose leak may start as a slight seepage at a joint, but on the pressure side it can also rupture unexpectedly. When this happens, fluid escapes rapidly and power assistance can be lost in an instant. Furthermore, power-assisted steering fluid can contaminate the auxiliary drive belt, causing slippage or even malfunctions in other systems.
A leak in the steering gear is an unpleasant surprise for many, as it does not always show up as a puddle on the ground. Fluid can accumulate inside the rubber boots at the ends of the rack and pinion, in which case only moisture or dirt is visible on the outside. A leak that persists over a long period can also damage the rubber boots and allow contaminants to enter, which accelerates wear and tear. It is also worth checking the condition of the steering gear if the car makes a rattling noise or vibrates when driving over uneven surfaces; read more on this topic in the article Chassis rattles and vibrations.
If you want to understand the underlying phenomenon, hydraulic power steering is based on fluid pressure and flow resistance. This explains the basic principle well Wikipedia article on power steering, but in practice the most important thing to remember is: a leak = loss of pressure + reduced lubrication + possible ingress of air into the system.
A safe procedure to follow if the steering suddenly becomes stiff
A sudden loss of steering response can be frightening, but the situation can usually be managed calmly if you remain composed. Remember that the car is still manoeuvrable, but you’ll need to use more force – especially at low speeds. That’s why the most important thing is to reduce the load and move out of the flow of traffic.
In a hydraulic system, sudden stiffness is often associated with a rapid loss of fluid, a broken hose or a pump fault. In an EPS system, on the other hand, the cause may be the control unit entering a protective mode, overheating or a voltage fault. If several warning lights come on at the same time, there may be a more widespread electrical problem or a fault with the alternator.
What to do when you’re on the road These steps minimise the risk should the power output drop whilst driving.
Ease off the accelerator and stay on course Avoid sudden movements and guide them calmly towards a safe place.
Go to the lay-by or car park Pull over as soon as possible to a place where you can open the bonnet safely.
Check for any visible leaks and the belt If the auxiliary drive belt is broken or there is a significant leak, do not continue driving.
Ask for help and avoid “coercion” Turning it to its full stop with excessive force may cause further damage if the pump is running dry.
How does STS Evitskog sort out a fault in Kirkkonummi – and when is the best time to book an appointment?
When the power steering is playing up – with a heavy steering wheel, a whirring noise and a leak – once you’ve gone through the ‘what to check first’ list, the next step is to identify the cause. STS Evitskog is a multi-make garage in Kirkkonummi, and the diagnosis is carried out systematically: first, fluids, leaks, belts and mechanical condition are checked, and then, if necessary, we measure the pressure (hydraulic) or read out fault codes and carry out functional tests (EPS). This avoids unnecessary part replacements and ensures the repair is targeted correctly.
Many people are surprised to learn that steering-related symptoms can be confused with other issues affecting the feel of the car’s handling. For example, uneven tyre wear or misalignment can make the steering feel “heavy” or jerky. If your car also vibrates at certain speeds, it’s worth reading on Car vibration under braking or at motorway speeds, so that you can distinguish steering faults from problems with the drivetrain and tyres.
It’s best to book an appointment straight away if the fluid level drops, the shaking gets worse, the steering becomes uneven or a warning light comes on. With over 20 years’ experience, STS Evitskog serves all car makes and models, and customers from Siuntio, Espoo, Veikkola and Kirkkonummi. You can find us at Kylmäläntie 350, 02540 Kirkkonummi, and you can call us directly on +358458960556.
| Oire | A common cause | What to do first |
|---|---|---|
| The steering wheel feels heavy, especially when parking | Low fluid level, weak pump or EPS limiting boost | Check the fluid level or battery voltage; book a diagnostic check |
| Stuttering when speaking | Air in the system, the belt is slipping, the pump is worn out | Check for leaks and the condition of the belt; do not hold the steering wheel in its extreme position |
| A leak under the car | A hose/connection, pump seal or control gearbox is leaking | Do not continue driving if there is a heavy leak; check the source and whether the vehicle needs to be towed |
| The boost is lost and the warning light comes on | EPS fault code, undervoltage or sensor fault | Check for any other electrical faults; fault codes and readings at the garage |
In conclusion: it is not advisable to simply “wait and see” for weeks on end when there are steering problems, as even a minor leak or electrical fault can suddenly become a risk to handling and safety. If you follow the steps outlined in this article and seek confirmation in good time, the repair is often simpler, cheaper and, above all, safer.
Make sure the steering is in good working order before the fault gets worse
If the steering wheel feels heavy, you hear a squeaking noise or suspect a leak, book an appointment at STS Evitskog in Kirkkonummi. We’ll find the cause and carry out the repairs safely.